Glossary
16: Thirteen Days That Shook the Kremlin || Appendices: The Problem of Hungary >>
Glossary
The following is not meant to be a comprehensive list of terms concerning Hungary and
the Revolt, but is intended to help the reader who may need to identify a place or person
and will not be able to do so by use of materials within this volume.
Acs, Colonel -- pseudonym used by Colonel Pal Maleter (q.v.)
AVH--Allamvedelmi Hatosag; State Protecting Organization, the Hungarian Secret Police.
AVO--Allamvedelmi Osztag; State Protecting Special Group "AVO" originally
designated a select group within the AVH, but soon became the popular name for the entire
organization.
Babits, Antal--member of the Central Committee (Kadar regime).
Bem, Josef--Polish general who led the Hungarians in the 1848 revolution in the
Transylvania campaign, against the Austrians and Russians.
DISZ--Dolgozo Ifjusag Szovetsege; League of Working Youth, a branch of the Hungarian
Workers (Communist) Youth League.
Dudas, Jozsef--Member of the first armistice delegation to the Soviets in 1944;
self-styled"leader" of the insurgents; executed after the revolt.
Dunantul--western Hungary
Egyetemi Ifjusag--University Youth; a publication begun about October 29. Published an
article by Imre Nagy.
Erdei, Ferenc--member of the Nagy cabinet set up on October 30, 1956.
Esti Budapest--Budapest daily newspaper published before October 23, 1956.
Esterhazy-- family of the greatest landowners in pre-Communist days.
Farkas, Mihaly--former Minister of Defense dismissed from the Party in July, 1956, and
later arrested for violations of "Socialist legality" (i.e., use of Stalinist
methods).
Fekete, Mihaly--Deputy Minister of the Interior.
Fodor, Miklos--member of the Borsod County Council (in Miskolc).
Gero, Erno--Soviet secret agent in Spain during the civil war. First Secretary of the
Central Committee of the Hungarian Workers' Party. Removed from office at the rise of Nagy
government.
Hegedus, Andras--Premier in power at beginning of revolt. Became First Deputy to Nagy
in his first formed government, but later fled to Russia.
HNF--Hazafias Nepfront: Patriotic People's Front; organization led by Communists and
fellow-travelers, but predominately non-Communist.
Horthy, Admiral Miklos--Commandant of the Austro-Hungary's Navy in WW1, Regent of
Hungary, 1920-1944; his name is an antithesis for Hungarian communists.
Igazsag-- newspaper of the Revolutionary Hungarian Army and Youth Organization.
Irodalmi Ujsag--Literary Gazette; official gazette of the Hungarian Writers' Alliance.
Janza, Karoly--Minister of Defense (October 27 appointment)
Kadar, Janos--chief of the Hungarian Communist Party. First Secretary of the Central
Committee under the Nagy government (October 25 appointment) and head of the Hungarian
Revolutionary Worker-Peasant government, which declared itself in power on Nov. 4. Ruled
Hungary until 1988.
Kethly, Anna--leader of the Social Democrats, and Minister of State in Nagy's
government.
Kis Ujsag--newspaper of the Smallholders' Party, published November 1,1956, for first
time in six years. Last issue on November 3, 1956.
Kos, Dr. Peter--pseudonym for Leo Konductorov, a Soviet citizen who was the Hungarian
delegate to the United Nations.
Kossuth, Louis--nineteenth-century Hungarian leader, hero of the 1848 revolution
against Austria.
Kossuth, Radio, Free--originally Radio Budapest, taken over by insurgents October 30,
1956 1935 hrs.).
Kovacs, Bela--former General Secretary of the Smallholders Party, imprisoned by
Russians in 1948. Minister of Agriculture in Nagy government.
Kozert--state food shop.
Kiraly, Major-General Bela-- Commander-in-Chief of the National Guard, and one of first
Hungarian officers to side with the insurgents.
Lukacs, Gyorgy--member of the Central Committee (Kadar regime).
Magyar Fueggetlenseg--newspaper of the Hungarian National Revolutionary Committee.
Magyar Ifjusag--newspaper of the Revolutionary Council of Young Workers.
Magyar Kozlony--Hungarian Gazette; official gazette of the Hungarian People's Republic.
Magyar Nemzet--Budapest daily newspaper published before the Revolt.
Magyar Vilag--newspaper published briefly during the Revolt.
Maleter, Colonel Pal--one of first Hungarian officers to side with insurgents; became
First Deputy Minister of Defense in Nagy government. Executed after the revolution.
MDP--Magyar Dolgozok Partja; Hungarian Workers' Party (title of Hungarian Communist
Party before November 1, 1956).
MSZDP--Magyar Szocialista Dolgozok Partja; Hungarian Socialist Workers Party (title of
Hungarian Communist Party after November 1, 1956).
Munnich, Ferenc--Deputy Premier and Minister of the Armed Forces and Public Security
Force in the Kadar regime.
Nepakarat--People's Will; newspaper of the trade unions after November 1, 1956.
Nepszabadsag--People's Freedom; replaced Szabad Nep on November 2, 1956, for Communist
Party.
Nepszava--People's Voice; trade union daily newspaper which became the organ of the
Social Democratic Party.
Petofi Kor--Petofi Circle: a club of intellectuals organized just before the Revolt.
Acted as a major forum of intellectual ferment and liberalization. Named after a poet who
led the 1848 revolt against the Austrians.
Rakosi, Matyas--First Secretary of the Hungarian Communist Party until July 1, 1956.
and a symbol to Stalinist oppression for the Hungarians.
Szabad Ifjusag--Free Youth; official newspaper of DISZ (q.v.); Budapest daily published
before the Revolt.
Szabad Nep--official Communist newspaper of the Hungarian Workers' Party.
Sziv --(Heart) a Catholic weekly.
SZOT--National Council of Trade Unions.
Tanczos, Gabor--Secretary of the Petofi Circle.
Tildy, Zoltan--Minister of State in Nagy government, former head of the Smallholders'
Party.
TNC--Trans-Danubian National Council.
Uj Magyarorszag--New Hungary; newspaper of the Petofi Party, published November 2-3.
Valosag--newspaper published briefly during the Revolt.
Veres, Peter --Peasant writer, president of the Writers' Association.
Warsaw Pact--The Warsaw Treaty Organization, signed May 14, 1955, a mutual defense pact
for twenty years signed by U.S.S.R., Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany,
Hungary, Poland, and Rumania. The agreement provided for the maintenance of Soviet army
units on the territory of the other participating states.
Weiss, Manfred--greatest industrialist in pre-Communist Hungary.
16: Thirteen Days That Shook the Kremlin || Appendices: The Problem of Hungary >>
