The Historical Text Archive: Electronic History Resources, online since 1990 Bringing you digitized history, primary and secondary sources
 
HTA Home Page | Links | United States | Native Americans or Early Immigrants

This subcategory contains 151 links

  • The American aboriginal portfolio (1853)(25 clicks)
    Book by Mary H. Eastman
  • "Camping With the Sioux: Fieldwork Diary of Alice Cunningham Fletcher"(1955 clicks)
    "National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution; online edition of Alice Fletcher's 1881 diary; includes a transcript of her ethnographic field notes, reproductions of her sketches of Native American life, and photographs of Nebraska and South Dakota ."
  • "Relocation" vs "Removal": simply another example of "Institutionalized Bigotry"?(207 clicks)
    by Michael McLaughlin (2007)
  • "Witness to Manifest Destiny"(1926 clicks)
    The Apache Nation
  • 'The Earth Does Not Belong to Man; Man Belongs to The Earth'(1901 clicks)
    Dispels the belief that Chief Seattle said this expression.
  • A Guide to the Great Sioux Nation(1494 clicks)
    Travel oriented but useful
  • After Columbus: Four-hundred Years of Native American Portraiture(140 clicks)
    369 prints and drawings by Simon van de Passe (1595-1647), George Catlin (1796-1872), and Karl Bodmer (1809-1893), dating from 1627 to the 1830s; 227 gelatin silver and platinum prints by photographers Edward S. Curtis (1868-1954), Karl E. Moon (1878-1948), and Frank A. Rinehart (1862-1928), and sculptor Frederic Allen Williams (1898-1958), from the late 1890s to 1927.
  • Alaska Natives Online(1595 clicks)
    Alaska Native and American Indian history, art, celebrities,culture, dance, storytelling, photographs, music, languages, writers, radio, and media. Alaska Natives Online, tourist attractions. Alaska Native and American Indian issues, links and useful internet resources.
  • All Things Cherokee(1970 clicks)
    A variety of materials, some historical, some genealogy.
  • America Before Columbus(100 clicks)
    Charles Mann's most recent book, 1491, won the U.S. National Academy of Sciences’ Keck award for the best book of the year. In this lecture he looks at new reserach on pre-Columbian America. He concludes that the Americas had actually been heavily populated and developed before the arrival of Columbus but then were rapidly depopulated by the introduction of numerous European and African diseases, giving Europeans the mistaken idea that their new land was a vast, empty wilderness.
  • American Aboriginal Portfolio(118 clicks)
    The American aboriginal portfolio by Mary H. Eastman ; illustrated by S. Eastman, U.S. Army. Published 1853 by Lippincott, Grambo in Philadelphia .
  • American aboriginal portfolio, The(154 clicks)
    Cover of: The American aboriginal portfolio by Mary H. Eastman Manage Covers The American aboriginal portfolio by Mary H. Eastman ; illustrated by S. Eastman, U.S. Army. Published 1853 by Lippincott, Grambo in Philadelphia.
  • American Horse, Sioux Chief(1493 clicks)
    Biography from Charles A. Eastman (Ohiyesa), Indian Heroes And Great Chieftains.
  • American Indian History and Related Issues(2579 clicks)
    "This world wide site is a developing site supervised by Professor Troy Johnson and is dedicated to the presentation of unique artwork, photographs, video and sound recordings which accurately reflect the history, culture and richness of the Native American experience in North America and has been expanded to include Indian people of Central America and Mexico."
  • American Indian Oral History Collection(1506 clicks)
    Thirty half-hour interviews on audio cassettes conducted by historians and anthropologists, for research and classroom use. Teaching guide included.
  • American Indian Photograph Collection(1231 clicks)
    Washington State History Museum Collections Online
  • American Indian Policy(729 clicks)
    Early policy
  • American Indians of the Pacific Northwest(858 clicks)
    This site provides an extensive digital collection of original photographs and documents about the Northwest Coast and Plateau Indian cultures, complemented by essays written by anthropologists, historians, and teachers about both particular tribes and cross-cultural topics. These cultures have occupied, and in some cases still live in parts of Alaska, British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and Montana. Maps are available that show traditional territories or reservation boundaries.
  • An Ungrateful Nation(1274 clicks)
    "While working as an agricultural expert for the Bureau of Indian Affairs after WW II, the author [George McColm]co-wrote a report that revealed the desperate plight of the Navajo people who lived on the brink of starvation in the American Southwest."
  • Ancient Cultures of the Southwest(775 clicks)
  • Ancient Ones of the Southwest(1326 clicks)
    The people and cultures that inhabited the American Southwest in prehistoric times."
  • Andrew Jackson Addresses Congress(1397 clicks)
    On Indian removal policy
  • Anti-Indian Movement on the Tribal Frontier(1237 clicks)
    By Rudolph C. Ryser. Introductory chapter
  • Arkansas Archeological Society(1497 clicks)
    Indian sites
  • Assignment Geronimo(1077 clicks)
    "General Nelson Miles summoned Lieutenant Charles Gatewood to Albuquerque in July 1886 and ordered the reluctant veteran of the Apache wars to go find the elusive Chiricahua leader down in the mountains of Mexico."
  • Autobiography of Ma-ka-tai-me-she-kia-kiak, or Black Hawk (142 clicks)
    embracing the traditions of his nation, various wars in which he has been engaged, and his account of the cause and general history of the Black Hawk war of 1832, his surrender, and travels through the United States. Dictated by himself. Antoine LeClair, U. S. interpreter. J. B. Patterson, editor and amanuensis. Rock Island, Illinois, 1833. Also, life, death and burial of the old chief, together with a history of the Black Hawk war, by J. B. Patterson ... Published 1882 by Press of Continental Printing Co.] in [St. Louis .
  • Bibliographies of Northern and Central California Indians(1703 clicks)
    From the University of California, Berkeley
  • Black Hawk War(147 clicks)
    The Black Hawk war including a review of Black Hawk's life illustrated with upward of three hundred rare and interesting portraits and views, by Frank E. Stevens. Published 1903 by Frank E. Stevens in Chicago, Ill .
  • Black Hawk, The totem of (132 clicks)
    The totem of Black Hawk a tale of pioneer days in northwestern Illinois and the Black Hawk war by Everett McNeil ; illustrated by Henry S. Watson. Published 1914 by McClurg in Chicago
  • Cahokia(156 clicks)
    Cahokia: A Pre-Columbian American Indian City by Timothy R. Pauketat
  • Camping With The Sioux(906 clicks)
    "The following text is based on two journals kept by Alice Fletcher during a six-week venture into Plains Indian territory in 1881."
  • Carrie de Voe, Legends of the Kaw. 1904(981 clicks)
    The folklore of the Indians of the Kansas River Valley.
  • Center for the Study of the First Americans(317 clicks)
    The Center for the Study of the First Americans explores the questions surrounding the peopling of the Americas. The Center pursues research, education, and public outreach.
  • Change and Crisis: North America on the Eve of the European Invasion(158 clicks)
    by Christopher Miller
  • Charles A. Eastman (Ohiyesa), Indian Heroes And Great Chieftains(1148 clicks)
    The HTA republishes this 1918 book, written by a Sioux, about some leaders of Plains Indian tribes. Included are Crazy Horse, Sitting Bull, and Chief Joseph. General George A. Custer plays a role in some of the narratives. The HTA also publishes each biography separately. Check the Articles and Books: United States menu.
  • Charles Curtis, Vice-President of the United States(1075 clicks)
    Native American
  • Cherokee History(1431 clicks)
    History and geneaolgy.
  • Cherokee Nation v Georgia (1831)(1253 clicks)
    The court ruled against the Cherokee.
  • Chief Joseph, Nez Perce Chief(987 clicks)
    Biography from Charles A. Eastman (Ohiyesa), Indian Heroes And Great Chieftains.
  • Chief Menominee(961 clicks)
    Several articles dealing with this Indiana chief and the commemoration of his life.
  • Choctaw History(1258 clicks)
    A Journey Past supplies lots of links.
  • Colonial Virginia(96 clicks)
    The Colonial Virginia Frontier and International Native American Diplomacy by William E. White
  • Crazy Horse(178 clicks)
    PBS. Tashunca-uitco (1849-1877)
  • Crazy Horse, Sioux Chief(1105 clicks)
    Biography from Charles A. Eastman (Ohiyesa), Indian Heroes And Great Chieftains.
  • Dahcotah, or, Life and legends of the Sioux around Fort Snelling(542 clicks)
    Book by Mary H. Eastman
  • Dakota Conflict Trials, 1862(751 clicks)
    The mass hanging was the concluding scene in the opening chapter of a story of American-Sioux conflict that would not end until the Seventh Calvary completed its massacre at Wounded Knee, South Dakota, on December 29, 1890.
  • Discussion of the Iroquois Constitution(1335 clicks)
  • Doris Duke Collection(821 clicks)
    The Duke Collection of American Indian Oral History online provides access to typescripts of interviews (1967 -1972) conducted with hundreds of Indians in Oklahoma regarding the histories and cultures of their respective nations and tribes.
  • Eugene War, The Indian War of 1864(1058 clicks)
    Book published in 1911. Subtitled: "Being a Fragment of the Early History of Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado and Wyoming."
  • First Nations Histories(1403 clicks)
    Excellent site
  • Flags of the Native Peoples of the United States(1037 clicks)
    Flags and their stories
  • From Wounded Knee to Capitol Hill(1059 clicks)
    The History, Achievements and Legacy of the American Indian Movement by Jeremy Schneider.
  • Gall, Sioux Chief(868 clicks)
    Biography from Charles A. Eastman (Ohiyesa), Indian Heroes And Great Chieftains.
  • Geronimo: His Own Story(1045 clicks)
    George Welling's excellent site
  • Grand Village of the Natchez Indians(578 clicks)
  • H-AMINDIAN: New Media for Native Studies(1104 clicks)
    Listserv dedicated to the study of the first immigrants to the Western Hemisphere and their descendants.
  • Henry L. Dawes, "The Indian Territory."(974 clicks)
    1900 paper by a Indian Commissioner
  • Henry L. Dawes, Have We Failed the Indian?(1104 clicks)
    1899 article from Atlantic Monthly
  • Historical Nez Perce Archive Photography(1052 clicks)
    The photos below are presented for public viewing and education on the Internet. They have been made available by the National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.
  • History of Tecumseh & Tippacanoe(1379 clicks)
    Brief
  • History of the Cherokee(1185 clicks)
    The History of the Cherokee" website is a tribute to the strength and determination of our people to survive centuries of trials and oppression.
  • History of the Cherokee(932 clicks)
    This website is designed and maintained by Ken Martin, a Cherokee of mixed-blood and a tribal member of the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma.
  • Hole-in-the-Day, Ojibway Chief(971 clicks)
    Biography from Charles A. Eastman (Ohiyesa), Indian Heroes And Great Chieftains.
  • Horse Culture(109 clicks)
    The Impact of Horse Culture by Elliott West
  • Images of Native America: From Columbus to Carlisle(1303 clicks)
    Essays on how "whites" viewed the peoples of the New World, the Indians, as they were called.
  • Indian Affairs: Laws and Treaties(1049 clicks)
    "An ongoing digitizatio project, the site contains the full text of over three hundred treaties concerning Native American Indian tribes."
  • Indian Country Virginia(298 clicks)
    In this live performance at Colonial Williamsburg’s Kimball Theatre, the History Guys take on the history of Indians in Virginia. From Jamestown to Thomas Jefferson to Disney’s Pocahontas, they consider some of the ways Virginian Indians have been imagined by non-Native people, and reflect on how those images have shifted over the centuries. Along the way, they are joined by two special guests, actor Larry Pourier and Colonial Williamsbug’s own Buck Woodard — both of whom contributed to the 2005 film The New World.
  • Indian industrial school, Carlisle, PA(10 clicks)
  • Indian industrial school, Carlisle, PA (1895)(131 clicks)
  • Indian Peoples of the Northern Great Plains(1514 clicks)
    "Images of the Indian Peoples of the Northern Great Plains is a searchable online photograph database created with grant support from the Institute of Museum and Library Services National Leadership Grant Program."
  • Indian Removal(117 clicks)
    by Theda Perdue
  • Indian Reservations(1147 clicks)
    Info on the reservations
  • Indian Slavery in the Americas(142 clicks)
    by Alan Gallay
  • Indian Territory, Warm Springs(1103 clicks)
  • Iroquois Constitution(1147 clicks)
    From the The University of Oklahoma Law Center. See this site for a wealth of documents.
  • Iroquois League(93 clicks)
    by Matthew Dennis
  • Iroquois Net(1327 clicks)
    Includes links to other sites
  • Lakota Noon at the Greasy Grass(1058 clicks)
    "WHEN LIEUTENANT COLONEL GEORGE ARMSTRONG CUSTER'S 7TH CAVALRY APPROACHED THE LARGE TEPEE VILLAGE ON JUNE 25, 1876, IT WAS HIGH NOON FOR THE NORTHERN PLAINS INDIANS."
  • Lenape Indians(1157 clicks)
    Museum of the Lenape Indians is in Allentown, Pennsylvania.
  • Life of Sitting Bull and history of the Indian War of 1890-91...(107 clicks)
    by W. Fletcher Johnson. Published 1891 by Edgewood in [s.l.] .
  • Literature of Justification(183 clicks)
    Literature of Justification is an ongoing project by students at Lehigh University that takes as its provocative starting point the "gigantic question" that Washington Irving asks in his1809 History of New York (Book I, chapter v): "What right had the first discoverers of America to land, and take possession of a country, without asking the consent of its inhabitants, or yielding them an adequate compensation for their territory?"
  • Little Crow, Sioux Chief(931 clicks)
    Biography from Charles Eastman (Ohiyesa), Indian Heroes And Great Chieftains.
  • Little Wolf, Cheyenne Chief(949 clicks)
    Biography from Charles A. Eastman (Ohiyesa), Indian Heroes And Great Chieftains.
  • Mesa Verde Photo Gallery(599 clicks)
  • Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians(1054 clicks)
    New site
  • Mississippian Moundbuilders and their Artifacts(922 clicks)
  • Mushulatubbee and Choctaw Removal(1137 clicks)
    Google Booj
  • Myths of the Cherokee(123 clicks)
    by James Mooney. Published 1902 by G.P.O. in Washington .
  • Native American Documents Project(1036 clicks)
    This collection currently includes the narrative reports of the commissioner of Indian affairs for 1871, 1872, 1875, and 1876, and three additional reports for 1871. It also includes a map of western reservations published with the 1875 report.
  • Native American Sites(1214 clicks)
    Comprehensive
  • Native American Tribes, 1783(1132 clicks)
    Map east of the Mississippi River.
  • Native American Voices(114 clicks)
  • Native Americans in Indiana(757 clicks)
    Resistance and Removal
  • Native Americans in North Georgia(1977 clicks)
    Creek, Cherokee
  • Native Americans: American Historical Images On File(855 clicks)
  • Native Village(909 clicks)
  • Nativeculture.com(1015 clicks)
    Devoted the Native Americans, i.e., immigrants before 1492
  • Nez Perce Photo Archive(136 clicks)
    The photos below are presented for public viewing and education on the Internet. They have been made available by the National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution. Text for the archive photos presented for your viewing below has been written by Stan Hoggatt of Western Treasures and may not reflect the view of the National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution. The photos may not be copied or used in any manner except for your viewing on this page on the Internet.
  • Onieda Indian Nation(1385 clicks)
    Iroquois tribe in upstate New York
  • Painted Warriors(1100 clicks)
    Artist George Catlin painted pictures of American Indians.
  • Pocahontas(192 clicks)
  • Powhaten Indian Village(174 clicks)
  • Pueblo Revolt(192 clicks)
    by Edward Countryman
  • Pushmataha: Choctaw Warrior, Diplomat, and Chief(1044 clicks)
    Mississippi Choctaw leader. Early 1800s.
  • Rain-in-the-Face, Sioux Chief(774 clicks)
    Biography from Charles A. Eastman (Ohiyesa), Indian Heroes And Great Chieftains.
  • Red Cloud, Makhpiya-Luta, (1822-1909)(621 clicks)
    PBS, New Perspectives on the West
  • Red Cloud, Sioux Chief(930 clicks)
    Biography from Charles A. Eastman (Ohiyesa), Indian Heroes And Great Chieftains.
  • Roman Nose, Cheyenne Chief(952 clicks)
    Biography from Charles A. Eastman (Ohiyesa), Indian Heroes And Great Chieftains.
  • Salinas Pueblo Missions(1025 clicks)
    New Mexico. "Two ancient southwestern cultural traditions-the Anasazi and Mogollon-overlapped in the Salinas Valley to produce the later societies at Abó, Gran Quivira, and Quarai."
  • Seminole Negro Indian Scouts(1046 clicks)
    The Medal of Honor, this nation's highest honor for valor, was awarded to four Seminole-Negro Indian Scouts. Buffalo Soldier Regimental returns, show that after twelve engagements and twenty expeditions, not one of their men was killed or seriously wounded in their 17 year history.
  • Seminole Tribe of Florida(638 clicks)
    This site is dedicated to the rich history and culture of the Florida Seminole Indians.
  • She-Who-Is-Alone's Sacrifice(859 clicks)
    Comanche legend about the Bluebonnet flower.
  • Shoshone Indians(1297 clicks)
    Fron PBS, Lewis & Clark meet the Shoshone
  • Sitting Bull, Sioux Chief(999 clicks)
    Biography from Charles A. Eastman (Ohiyesa), Indian Heroes And Great Chieftains.
  • Sky's Cherokee Website(972 clicks)
    The history, language, and culture of the Cherokee people
  • Spotted Tail, A Sioux Chief(802 clicks)
    Biography from Charles A. Eastman (Ohiyesa), Indian Heroes And Great Chieftains.
  • Stereotyping Native America(673 clicks)
    photo essay
  • Tamahay, Sioux Chief(992 clicks)
    Biography from Charles Eastman (Ohiyesa), Indian Heroes And Great Chieftains.
  • The Black Hawk War, 1831-1832 : v. II, letters and papers; part I, April 30, 1831-June 23, 1832(111 clicks)
    The Black Hawk War, 1831-1832 v. II, letters and papers; part I, April 30, 1831-June 23, 1832 compiled and edited by Ellen M. Whitney. Published 1973 by Illinois State Historical Library in Springfield .
  • The Cherokee National Historical Society(1049 clicks)
  • The Chickamauga Cherokee(908 clicks)
    brief history of the The Chickamauga Cherokee. Georgia, Tennessee, South Carolina.
  • The Death of Wilhautyah(1045 clicks)
    "When a white settler killed a Nez Perce warrior in 1876, the incident set off a chain of events that led to war." By Mark Highberger
  • The Federalist Papers(1002 clicks)
    From the Revolution to Reconstruction project
  • The great Indian chief of the West, or, life and adventures of Black Hawk.(109 clicks)
    Published 1856 by H.M. Rulison in Cincinnati, Philadelphia .
  • The Illini Confederation: Lords of the Mississippi Valley(1113 clicks)
    When French explorers first journeyed down from Canada to the upper Mississippi Valley in the early Seventeenth Century, they found the region inhabited by a vigorous, populous Algonquin nation who called themselves "Hileni" or "Illiniwek" which means "men."
  • The Lakota Dakota Information Home Page(1133 clicks)
    This page deals with Lakota and Dakota peoples. These distinct but related groups are sometimes referred to as Sioux or Siouan peoples.
  • The Last Major Indian Disturbance in Trinidad(984 clicks)
    The summer of 1868 brings war band of Cheyennes, Kiowas, and Comanches to town's door by Bryan Zug
  • The life and adventures of Black Hawk(116 clicks)
    The life and adventures of Black Hawk: with sketches of Keokuk the Sac and Fox Indians, and the late Black Hawk war. 7th ed. Published 1849 by G. Conclin in Cincinnati .
  • The Native Americans of Maryland: Great Contributors Underappreciated(1111 clicks)
    By Amy Kirkley, Severn School. Short essay on the interrelationships between the older immigrants (Indians) and the new immigrants (Europeans).
  • The Northern Cherokee Nation of Missouri (1069 clicks)
  • The Seminoles(1105 clicks)
    Seminole tribe of Florida official website
  • The Shawnee(944 clicks)
    "Links to web sites and information about the Shawnee and many links about Tecumseh."
  • The Wounded Knee Massacre(1064 clicks)
    By Lorie Liggett. Introductory essay. Site contains links.
  • This Week in "American Indian" History(1120 clicks)
  • Thus Spoke Chief Seattle: The Story of An Undocumented Speech"(686 clicks)
    Spring 1985, Vol. 18, No. 1. "Thus Spoke Chief Seattle: The Story of An Undocumented Speech" By Jerry L. Clark
  • Trail of Tears(619 clicks)
    National Historic Trail
  • Two Strike, Sioux Chief(979 clicks)
    Biography from Charles A. Eastman (Ohiyesa), Indian Heroes And Great Chieftain.
  • Unearthing Tse-whit-zen(708 clicks)
    Tse-whit-zen in the state of Washington
  • Warriors and Chiefs: Cochise(936 clicks)
    Short bio of Chiricahua Chief Cochise. Apache.
  • Warriors and Chiefs: Stand Watie: Cherokee Chief and Confederate General(948 clicks)
    "Cherokee Stand Watie exhibited bravery and leadership while fighting for two lost causes."
  • We Shall Remain(102 clicks)
    PBS series
  • We Shall Remain: After The Mayflower(309 clicks)
    Transcript of Episode 1
  • We Shall Remain: Geronimo(357 clicks)
    Trsnscript of Episiode 4
  • We Shall Remain: Tecumseh's Vision(304 clicks)
    Transcript of Episode Two
  • We Shall Remain: Trail of Tears(288 clicks)
    Transcript of Episiode 3
  • We Shall Remain: Wounded Knee(298 clicks)
    Transcript of Episode 5
  • White Bird Canyon: First Fight of the Nez Perce Flight(1006 clicks)
    After Nez Perce soldiers "killed some settlers in Idaho Territory, General O.O. Howard ordered Captain David Perry at Fort Lapwai to go get them, telling him, 'You must not get whipped.' "
  • William M. Edwardy, The Navajo Indians(1050 clicks)
    1890 Harper's Weekley article
  • Wounded Knee(724 clicks)
    Lakota. December 29, 1890
  • Wounded Knee Museum(667 clicks)
    Excellent
  • Wounded Knee Museum(532 clicks)